PSA Physiology: Cardiopulmonary, Immune, and Other Physiology
نویسندگان
چکیده
studied previously. Individually penned Finnish Landrace and Yorkshire pigs (30 kg; n=70) were fed basal diet with no added betaine or choline, the basal diet supplemented with 250, 500 or 1000 mg/kg of betaine (Betafin r S1), or with a similar molar amount of choline (578, 1155 or 2310 mg/kg of choline chloride). The net energy content of the maizesoybean meal basal diet was diluted with oat hull meal (100 g/kg) and it contained 8.55 MJ/kg NE, 155 g/kg crude protein and 7.4, 4.4 and 4.3 g/kg digestible lysine, threonine and methionine+cystine, respectively. The pigs were on restricted diet, 1.5-3.0 kg feed/d. The experiment lasted 75 days. Daily weight gain improved linearly (p≤0.01) with increasing dietary betaine. The liver betaine level increased linearly with dietary betaine addition (p≤0.05). The additives had no significant effect (p≥0.10) on plasma homocysteine levels. Addition of betaine tended to improve the tensile strength of the proximal ileum linearly (p=0.07). Choline additions increased plasma carnitine linearly (p≤0.01) but had no effect on the pig performance, liver betaine or gut tensile strength. The results show that dietary betaine addition increased liver betaine and improved the daily weight gain of pigs on restricted diets with diluted energy concentration whereas choline addition increased plasma carnitine but had no effect on performance. Betaine, mg/kg 0 250 50
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